Resources for clinicians who want to learn more about vestibular disorders

Leigh RJ, Zee DS (2015), The Neurology of Eye Movements, 5^thed., Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.

Dr. John Leigh of Case Western Reserve University, and Dr. David Zee of Johns Hopkins, are the authors of a foundational work that is widely regarded as the most authoritative reference volume on the neuroanatomy and neurophysiology of eye movements, now in its fifth edition.  The volume’s material is based on decades of research, and is massively referenced.

Baloh RW, Kerber KA (2011), Clinical neurophysiology of the vestibular system, 4^th ed., New York: Oxford University Press.

Dr. Robert Baloh and Dr. Vincent Honrubia of the University of California at Los Angeles, and Dr. Kevin Kerber of Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center wrote a solid introduction to vestibular neurophysiology, now in its fourth edition.  Following several detailed chapters on vestibular neuroanatomy and physiology, the book also offers sections on clinical diagnosis and management.

Jacobson GP, Shepard NT, Barin K, Burkard RF, Janky K (2021), Balance function assessment and management, 3rd ed., San Diego, California: Plural Publishing

Dr. Gary Jacobson of Vanderbilt University, Dr. Neil Shepard of Mayo Clinic, Dr. Kamran Barin of Ohio State University, Dr. Robert Burkard of the State University of New York at Buffalo, and Dr. Kristen Janky of Boys Town National Research Hospital have edited a volume regarding vestibular testing, now in its third edition.  The volume begins with a brief overview of the evolution, anatomy, physiology and biomechanics of the vestibular system, as well as chapters on taking a clinical history and bedside examination.  These are followed by concise chapters on each of the vestibular tests currently used in clinical practice.  Each chapter is written by an authority in the field.

McCaslin DL (2020), Electronystagmography and Videonystagmography (ENG/VNG), 2^nd ed., San Diego, California: Plural Publishing

Dr. Devin McCaslin of the University of Michigan produced an authoritative volume on videonystagmography, now in its second edition.  After several chapters on the overview of vestibular and ocular motor physiology, this volume details the technique and protocol for conducting and interpreting instrumented nystagmography.

Zalewski CK (2018), Rotational vestibular assessment, San Diego, California: Plural Publishing

Dr. Christopher Zalewski of the National Institutes of Health produced a solid reference work regarding rotatory chair testing. After several chapters on the neuroanatomy and physiology of the peripheral and central vestibular systems, this volume details the methods by which the various rotatory chair protocols (sinusoidal harmonic acceleration and step velocity testing) assess the vestibulo-ocular reflex.

Dhar S, Hall JW (2018), Otoacoustic Emissions: Principles, Procedures, and Protocols, 2^nd ed., San Diego, California: Plural Publishing

Dr. Sumatrajit Dhar of Northwestern University, and Dr. James Hall of the University of Gainesville in Florida, produced an authoritative volume on otoacoustic emissions, now in its second edition.  After several chapters regarding anatomy and physiology, this volume details the technique, significance and method for interpreting otoacoustic emissions in children and adults.

Baloh RW (1998), Dizziness, hearing loss, and tinnitus,Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Co.

Dr. Robert Baloh of the University of California at Los Angeles is the sole author of this concise and very accessible clinical reference work regarding the most common neuro-otologic disorders.  This volume serves as an excellent introduction to the clinical evaluation and management of patients with auditory and vestibular disorders, though its material is somewhat out of date (1998) and its brevity (224 pages) means that it is of somewhat limited scope.

Eggers SD, Zee DS (eds.) (2010), Vertigo and Imbalance: Clinical Neurophysiology of the Vestibular System (volume 9 in the Handbook of Clinical Neurophysiology), 1^st ed., Elsevier

Dr. Scott Eggers of Mayo Clinic and Dr. David Zee of Johns Hopkins compiled an exceptional reference work, valuable to clinicians and researchers.

Furman JM, Lempert T (2016), Neuro-Otology, in Aminoff MJ, Boller F and Swaab D (series editors), “Handbook of Clinical Neurology,” vol. 137, Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Dr. Joseph Furman of the University of Pittsburgh and Dr. Thomas Lempert of Schlosspark Klinik in Berlin, edited this collection of articles.  The volume begins with several scientific chapters (vestibular anatomy and physiology, neurotransmitters, multisensory integration) followed by chapters on epidemiology, history-taking and bedside examination.  The next chapters are devoted to instrumented audio-vestibular tests (calorics, vestibular evoked myogenic potentials, audiometry, rotatory chair testing) and treatment (vestibular rehabilitation, pharmacology).  The last chapters are devoted to individual vestibular diagnoses.  Each chapter is authored by one or more authorities in the field.

Bronstein A, Lempert T (2017), Dizziness: a practical approach to diagnosis and management, 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press

Dr. Adolfo Bronstein of Imperial College London, and Dr. Thomas Lempert of Schlosspark Klinik in Berlin, edited an excellent volume for clinicians, now in its second edition.  The volume begins with a chapter on vestibular anatomy and physiology, and a chapter on physical examination.  The next chapters are organized around the semiology of vestibular symptoms (single episode, recurrent episodes, positional vertigo, chronic dizziness, dizziness and imbalance in the elderly).  The final chapter briefly reviews treatment modalities (rehabilitation, pharmacologic, surgical).

Brandt T, Dieterich M, Strupp M (2023), Vertigo and Dizziness: Common Complaints, 3^rd ed., London: Springer

Dr. Thomas Brandt, Dr. Marianne Dieterich and Dr. Michael Strupp of the Ludwig-Maximilians University at Munich, have written an accessible guidebook appropriate for clinicians, now in its third edition.  The volume is organized by categories of vestibular diagnoses (peripheral, central, traumatic, somatoform and others).

Bronstein AM (2025), Oxford Textbook of Vertigo and Imbalance, 2^nd ed., Oxford University Press

Dr. Adolfo Bronstein of Imperial College London edited an excellent overview accessible to clinicians, now in its second edition.  This volume begins with several physiologically oriented chapters (biophysics, vestibular physiology, vestibulo-ocular reflexes, postural control, vestibular-autonomic interactions, sensory integration, vestibular compensation, vestibular anatomy), followed by chapters on bedside examination, instrumented vestibular testing and imaging.  It then offers a classification of vestibular disorders before dedicating chapters to individual pathologies (acute unilateral vestibulopathy, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, vestibular migraine, Ménière’s disease, stroke, bilateral vestibulopathy, medical causes of dizziness, motion sickness, psychological causes of dizziness, dizziness following traumatic brain injury, dizziness in the elderly and in children).  Each chapter is written by one or two authors who are established experts in the field.

Cherchi M (2025), Otoneurology and Vestibular Medicine: a Clinical Handbook, Springer Nature

Dr. Marcello Cherchi of the University of Chicago wrote this three-volume single-author reference work whose 1200+ page length makes it unwieldy if comprehensive.  Whatever diagnosis your patient has is probably in here.  After a brief overview of vestibular and auditory anatomy and physiology, the bulk of this work is devoted to individual diagnoses, how they present, how to test for them, and how to treat them.  A shorter series of chapters covers bedside physical examination and each individual auditory and vestibular test.  A final series of chapters covers treatment modalities, including pharmacologic, rehabilitative, surgical and others.

Gold D (2021),  Neuro-Ophthalmology and Neuro-Otology: A Case-Based Guide for Clinicians and Scientists, Springer

Dr. Daniel Gold of Johns Hopkins has assembled a clinical guide to eye movement disorders.  The work consists of a series of case vignettes.  Each vignette presents the clinical history, general neurological and ocular motor findings, as well as a discussion of the underlying anatomy and pathophysiology.